Short Description
A serious gum infection caused by plaque buildup, leading to inflammation, gum recession, bone loss, and potential tooth loss if untreated.
Long Description
Periodontal disease, commonly known as gum disease, is a chronic bacterial infection affecting the gums and supporting structures of the teeth. It starts as gingivitis (mild gum inflammation) and can progress to periodontitis, where gums pull away from the teeth, forming deep pockets that harbor bacteria and cause bone loss.
Common symptoms include red, swollen, or bleeding gums, persistent bad breath, receding gums, and loose teeth. Risk factors include poor oral hygiene, smoking, diabetes, genetic predisposition, and certain medical conditions. If left untreated, periodontal disease can lead to tooth loss and systemic health issues like heart disease.
Treatment depends on the severity and may include deep cleaning (scaling and root planing), antibiotic therapy, or surgical procedures such as gum grafting or pocket reduction surgery. Maintaining proper oral hygiene and regular dental visits are key to preventing and managing periodontal disease.